When we talk about Guan Gong, everyone must be familiar with him.

From childhood until now, whether in TV dramas, novels, or temples, we’ve all seen his iconic look — a broadsword, a red face, a green robe, and a  intimidating aura.

But did you know? Guan Gong is not just a great general from the Three Kingdoms era. In Chinese culture, he has already become a symbol of "Zhong Yi" — loyalty and righteousness. That’s why we specially used paper carving to bring his figure to life again — hoping that while people appreciate the art, they can also connect with the cultural spirit behind it.

What does "Yi Yin" mean?

On this paper carving piece, you will see two characters — "義䦉" (Yi Yin). Many people ask at first glance, "What do these two characters mean?"

Actually, "䦉" (pronounced yìn) is an ancient variant of the word "印" (Yin), which means "seal." In seal script, ancient texts, and Chinese seals, you will often see "䦉" used in place of "印."

So, "Yi Yin" means "Seal of Righteousness." In ancient times, a seal symbolized authority and trust. Once stamped, it was final and binding. Placing this term on Guan Gong is like saying: His righteousness is as firm and unquestionable as a seal.

Why does Guan Gong have a red face?

The most recognizable part of Guan Gong is his bright red face. This wasn’t painted randomly — it has deep meaning!

In traditional Chinese opera, red in the facial makeup represents loyalty, integrity, and courage. Guan Gong was renowned for his loyalty and righteousness, and the red face perfectly reflects his character.

Red also symbolizes:

  • Uprightness and a spirit that repels evil

  • Passion and auspiciousness, bringing good fortune

  • Dignity and sacredness, commanding respect

That’s why the red-faced Guan Gong has become a protector of righteousness. Looking at him gives people a sense of stability.

So why does he wear a green robe?

Besides the red face, Guan Gong’s signature outfit includes a green battle robe. This color wasn’t chosen by chance.

  • First, his weapon is called the "Green Dragon Crescent Blade," and the green robe matches the blade, enhancing his powerful aura.

  • Secondly, in traditional culture, green represents vitality and integrity, symbolizing his enduring spirit.

  • Also, in ancient times, the colors of clothing had symbolic meanings. The green robe made Guan Gong’s image more distinct and easily recognizable.

So, the red face and green robe became his most classic look.

What does Guan Gong represent?

Historically, he was a major general serving Liu Bei. But in culture, he has long surpassed his role as a warrior, becoming a spiritual symbol for Chinese people everywhere:

  • Representative of Loyalty and Righteousness: He stood by his brothers in life and death.

  • Symbol of Integrity: The story of "Guan Gong Returns Gold and Resigns His Post" teaches us to honor our promises.

  • Protector and Guardian: Many believe Guan Gong can ward off evil and bring peace.

  • Figure of Justice: In legal and law enforcement fields, he is often revered for his sense of justice and fairness.

So, Guan Gong isn’t just an admired figure from the past — he remains close to our lives today.

What’s special about the Guan Gong in this paper carving?

Paper carving is an art that requires patience and precision. In this piece, we carved Guan Gong layer by layer using paper. Through the interplay of light and shadow, his red face and green robe stand out vividly.

The two characters “義䦉” are like a traditional seal stamped onto the artwork — a mark that reminds us: beneath its outer beauty lies the spirit of Zhongyi — loyalty and righteousness.

Guan Gong's story has been passed down for thousands of years. His image is no longer just a historical figure, but a cultural symbol of loyalty, integrity, and uprightness.

Through paper carving, we hope to turn that spirit into a piece of art you can see and touch. It doesn't just decorate a space — it reminds us: In everything we do, always let "Yi" come first.

( Translated from the original Chinese text )

 

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